Anton's Digital Garden

Encryption

2 min read

Encrypt or input data

Don’t save passwords as plain text. Instead save them as a secure string and encrypt them locally.

Input sensitive data into the console

$securePassword = Read-Host "Password" -AsSecureString

Don’t convert plain text into secure string

$securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $PlainPassword -AsPlainText -Force
  • as the commands get logged.

Read and write files

Encrypt an existing file

$xml = Get-Content -Path ".\temp.xml" -Raw
ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText $xml -Force `
| ConvertFrom-SecureString `
| Out-File secure.bin
 
Remove-Item -Path ".\temp.xml"

Decrypt an existing file

$secure = Get-Content -Path ".\secure.bin" `
| ConvertTo-SecureString$cred
 
$bstr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($secure)
$xml = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($bstr)
$xml | Out-File ".\temp.xml"

Credential

Enter credential in GUI

$credential = Get-Credential

Enter credential in terminal

$username = "DOMAIN\username"
$password = Read-Host "Enter password for $username" -AsSecureString
$credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($username, $password)

Save user-encrypted password to file

$password = Read-Host "Enter password for $username" -AsSecureString
$password | ConvertFrom-SecureString | Out-File "credential.bin"

Save user-encrypted credential to file

$credential.Password | ConvertFrom-SecureString | Out-File "credential.bin"

De-obfuscate data locally

Only the same PowerShell instance can decrypt.

De-obfuscate a credential

$credential.GetNetworkCredential().Password

De-obfuscate a secure string

function Decrypt-SecureString {
    [CmdletBinding()] param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)] $SecureObject
    )
    $type = ($SecureObject).getType()
    if ($type -eq [System.Security.SecureString]) {
        [System.Net.NetworkCredential]::new("", $SecureObject).Password
    } elseif ($type -eq [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]) {
        Decrypt-SecureString -SecureObject $SecureObject.Password
    } else {
        Write-Error ("The parameter is of unknown type [" + [string]$($SecureObject.GetType().FullName) + "]")
    }
}

Decrypt a secure string or credential

function Decrypt-SecureString {
    [CmdletBinding()] param(
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName='secureString', Position=0, ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [System.Security.SecureString] $secureString,
        [Parameter(ParameterSetName='credential', Position=0)]
        [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential] $credential
    )
    switch ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName) {
        'secureString' {
            Write-Output ([System.Net.NetworkCredential]::new("", $secureString).Password)
        }
        'credential' {
            Decrypt-SecureString -secureString $credential.Password
        }
    }
}

Sources:

Related:

Tags: File system operations - Use paths, get meta data, link, download, and encrypt files and folders Handle data - Handle, Import, Export, Filter and RegEx query objects in PowerShell

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